Deprecate thanos_ metrics prefix

[lamida]

Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.

There are some metrics exposed by Mimir which have thanos_ as the prefix. That happens due to we are using some package from Thanos, specifically the cache package.

Example:

thanos_cache_dns_failures_total
thanos_cache_dns_lookups_total
thanos_cache_dns_provider_results
thanos_cache_getmulti_gate_duration_seconds_bucket
thanos_cache_getmulti_gate_duration_seconds_count
thanos_cache_getmulti_gate_duration_seconds_sum
thanos_cache_getmulti_gate_queries_concurrent_max
thanos_cache_getmulti_gate_queries_in_flight
thanos_cache_hits_total
...

Describe the solution you'd like

Deprecate metrics with thanos_ prefix and add a new metrics with cortex_ prefix instead. We can use TeeRegisterer to achieve this.

Describe alternatives you've considered

Additional context

See this (internal link).

[pracucci]

We also expose Mimir metrics with cortex_ prefixed instead of mimir_ due to the same legacy reasons as with the thanos_ ones (nowadays Mimir doesn't vendor Thanos anymore). Unfortunately, doing a massive metrics renaming is a pain and so we ended up never doing it (yet).

[nabadger]

This would be very useful and would also be consistent with a similar change done in Tempo.

In particular it's a bit painful managing migrations from cortex to mimir because they can trigger each other's alerts (we could mitigate this in #5260 though)